Getting a VOG (certificate of conduct) as a freelancer
What is a VOG and when do you need one? Learn how to apply for a Dutch certificate of conduct online, costs, timeline, and why it's deductible.
A VOG (Verklaring Omtrent het Gedrag) is a Dutch certificate of conduct — a legal document proving you have no criminal record for a specific purpose. Many clients, especially in education, healthcare, childcare, and security, require one before they'll hire you. If you're just starting out and a prospective client asks for a VOG, don't panic. This guide walks you through the application process, costs, and how to claim it as a business deduction.
What is a VOG and who needs one?
A VOG is issued by the Dutch Ministry of Justice (Ministerie van Justitie) and certifies that you have no relevant criminal convictions. It's not a background check in the traditional sense — it's purely a record of convictions. You either have one, or you don't.
VOG essentials
Who typically requires a VOG?
- Education & childcare: Schools, kindergartens, tutoring services, any role working with children
- Healthcare & social services: Home care, nursing, therapy, counselling
- Security & law enforcement: Bodyguards, security consultants, surveillance work
- Financial services: Money handling, banking roles, financial advice
- Specific sectors: Gaming licenses, taxi/transport licenses, import/export in certain goods
If a client or sector requires one, they'll usually tell you upfront. It's a standard requirement in Dutch professional life for roles of trust.
How to apply for a VOG
You can apply online via DigiD or by visiting your local gemeente (municipality). The online route is faster and more convenient.
1. Online application (via DigiD)
Visit the Ministry's online portal at www.justis.nl and follow these steps:
- Log in with your DigiD (your electronic ID used for all Dutch government services)
- Select "VOG aanvragen" (Request a VOG)
- Choose the purpose: specify which kind of work or sector you need it for (e.g., "childcare," "education," "security")
- Fill in your personal details (name, date of birth, address, identification number)
- Choose your preferred delivery method: pick it up at a gemeente office or have it posted to you
- Pay the fee (around €29 in 2025, vary by region — check the site for current pricing)
- Receive a confirmation and tracking code
The decision usually comes within 2–4 weeks. You'll receive an email notification.
Use a strong reason when applying
The "purpose" field matters. Be specific: "Working as a childcare provider," not just "general." This helps the Ministry process your application faster and ensures your VOG is valid for your intended use.
2. Paper application (via your gemeente)
If you don't have DigiD or prefer in-person:
- Visit your local gemeente office with your passport or ID card
- Ask for a VOG application form
- Fill it out and return it with proof of payment
- Pick up your VOG when notified, or request mail delivery
This route is slower (typically 4–6 weeks) but is an option if you're not online-savvy.
Costs and timing
- Cost: Around €29 per VOG (check your gemeente for exact pricing in 2025–2026)
- Processing time: 2–4 weeks (online) to 4–6 weeks (paper)
- Validity: 5 years from issue date
- Renewal: You must apply again when it expires if you still need one
- Rush option: Some gemeente offices offer expedited processing for an extra fee (~€10–€15)
Keep your VOG safe in your business records. Many clients will want to see it, and you may need to provide it again to other employers or sectors.
Is a VOG deductible?
Yes. The cost of a VOG is a fully deductible business expense. Claim it as a professional fee or licence cost in your tax records. Whether you use the online system or apply via the gemeente, the expense counts toward your business costs because it is directly tied to acquiring or retaining a client.
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Try it freeRenewing or replacing your VOG
Once your VOG expires (after 5 years), you need a new one if the client or sector still requires it. Simply apply again through the same online or paper process. The Ministry will issue a fresh document.
If you lose your VOG, you cannot replace it — you must reapply from scratch (and pay the fee again). Store it digitally as a backup and keep a physical copy with your other professional certificates.
One VOG per purpose
If you work in multiple sectors (e.g., childcare and security), you may need separate VOGs for each purpose. Check with your client or the sector regulator. In practice, a single VOG issued for "childcare" often covers related roles, but it's best to clarify.
Tips for a smooth application
- Apply before you need it. If a client asks for one, apply immediately — don't wait until your first day.
- Keep your DigiD credentials secure and up-to-date so you can apply online quickly.
- Save the confirmation email and tracking code; you may need them to check status or follow up.
- If you're rejected and believe it's an error, you have the right to appeal within 30 days.
Starting your freelance business means ticking many boxes. A VOG is one of them if your sector demands it. The good news: it's quick, inexpensive, and fully deductible. Once approved, you can confidently pitch yourself to clients who require one — a huge competitive advantage in regulated industries like education and care. For a full checklist of everything you need to get started as a freelancer, and tips on finding your first clients, check those guides.
Frequently asked questions
Do I need a VOG before I register at the KVK?
What if I have a minor conviction on my record?
Can I apply for a VOG if I'm not yet registered as a freelancer?
How do I prove I have a VOG to a client?
A VOG is a straightforward requirement in Dutch freelance life. Get yours early if your sector needs one, claim the cost as a business expense, and you're ahead of the game. Ready to take other steps toward launching your business? Explore the full freelancer checklist or explore professional liability insurance if you're in a high-risk field. And for help managing your freelance finances, ZZP Belasting has you covered.